Agitam-se, deambulam, utilizam o corpo de uma forma pouco habitual. O número crescente de crianças com instabilidade nos comportamentos preocupa pais, professores e psicólogos. A maioria das crianças e adolescentes instáveis não sofrem com os seus comportamentos nem se apercebem que estes são pouco habituais. Normalmente o pedido de consulta em Psicologia é motivado pelas dificuldades de aprendizagem. Muitos pais são incentivados pelos professores a consultarem-me (e a outros Psicólogos) pois o seu filho revela acentuada dificuldade em permanecer sentado e atento durante a realização das tarefas em sala de aula, revelando (em alguns casos) dificuldades cognitivas, a grande maioria das vezes associadas a uma dificuldade de atenção e concentração.
A instabilidade psicomotora manifesta-se ao nível da instabilidade motora (a criança levanta-se na sala de aula, fala sem interrupção, privilegia as actividades realizadas ao nível da psicomotricidade às restantes, mexe-se excessivamente ou conversa com o colega) e da instabilidade psíquica (dificuldades ao nível da atenção e concentração que se manifestam através de dificuldades em permanecer a realizar uma tarefa por um período de tempo superior a 10 minutos, dificuldades em seguir instruções).
A criança instável troca uma actividade por outro incessantemente, assim como salta de um pensamento para outro. Considero essencial diferenciar dificuldades de concentração e atenção de dificuldades ao nível cognitivo, apesar de poderem surgir quadros concomitantes. A impulsividade da criança afecta a sua aprendizagem e a relação com os outros pois, por ter dificuldades em pensar (no momento) nas consequências dos seus actos, por vezes reage de forma explosiva, recusando obedecer aos pais e professores quando a procuram conter. Assim, o risco é também afectivo pois estas crianças revelam, em alguns casos, dificuldades de integração no grupo de pares devido à sua impulsividade nas relações, no falar, no agir.
Na grande maioria dos casos, associada à instabilidade encontram-se dificuldades ao nível da memorização assim como uma dislexia-disgrafia. Por outro lado, podem desenvolver uma forte fragilidade narcísica: algumas crianças evitam situações nas quais pressintam que irão ter dificuldades e, por outro lado, sentem-se mal quando lhes é revelado que cometeram um erro, reagindo com uma cólera exacerbada. Por vezes, também se verifica uma angústia exagerada quando os pais se ausentam, mesmo que para a sala ao lado, revelando uma grande dificuldade em estar só.
Todas as crianças são inteligentes, apenas necessitam de alguém que reconheça as suas capacidades, as motive a crescer.
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